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Editor-in-chief
Maria Stella Graziani

Deputy Director
Martina Zaninotto

Associate Editors
Ferruccio Ceriotti
Davide Giavarina
Bruna Lo Sasso
Giampaolo Merlini
Martina Montagnana
Andrea Mosca
Paola Pezzati
Rossella Tomaiuolo
Matteo Vidali

EIC Assistant
Francesco Busardò

International Advisory Board Khosrow Adeli Canada
Sergio Bernardini Italy
Marcello Ciaccio Italy
Eleftherios Diamandis Canada
Philippe Gillery France
Kjell Grankvist Sweden
Hans Jacobs The Netherlands
Eric Kilpatrick UK
Magdalena Krintus Poland
Giuseppe Lippi Italy
Mario Plebani Italy
Sverre Sandberg Norway
Ana-Maria Simundic Croatia
Tommaso Trenti Italy
Cas Weykamp The Netherlands
Maria Willrich USA
Paul Yip Canada

Publisher
Biomedia srl
Via L. Temolo 4, 20126 Milano

Responsible Editor
Giuseppe Agosta

Editorial Secretary
Chiara Riva
Biomedia srl
Via L. Temolo 4, 20126 Milano
Tel. 0245498282
email: biochimica.clinica@sibioc.it

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ISSN print: 0393 – 0564
ISSN digital: 0392- 7091

BC: Articoli scritti da P. Pradella

Interpretazione degli esami relativi all’emostasi in corso di gravidanza
Interpretation of hemostasis tests during physiological pregnancy
B. Morelli \| B. Montaruli \| C. Bellini \| A. Bertelli \| M. Carta \| P. Calzoni \| P. Fassina \| P. Pradella \| A. Rogolino \|
<p>Pregnancy is associated with significant modifications of the hemostatic system (endothelium, platelets, coagulation and fibrinolysis) resulting in a prothrombotic state. This is mainly due to an increase in the activity of some procoagulant factors and to the decrease of some physiological inhibitors. The plasma concentrations of these hemostatic system components therefore show important modifications during the three trimesters of pregnancy; as a consequence, the clinical laboratory should report specific reference intervals for the three trimesters of pregnancy or at least add a comment to the laboratory report. The screening tests (although very differently) are also influenced by this hypercoagulability condition and therefore also for PT, APTT, fibrinogen, antithrombin and D-dimer, different reference intervals for the three trimesters of pregnancy should be considered. Global tests have been used (viscoelastometric techniques and thrombin generation test) for monitoring the hemostatic imbalance that occurs during pregnancy; these techniques are very promising but, except for the use of viscoelastometry in monitoring post-partum hemorrhagic risk, they are still far from clinical practice.</p>
Biochimica Clinica ; 46(3) S055-S068 Rassegne - Reviews

Alterazioni dei meccanismi dell’emostasi in corso di infezione da SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
Alterations of hemostasis during SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19)
B. Morelli \| B. Montaruli \| M. Bazzan \| P. Calzoni \| P. Fassina \| P. Pradella \|
<p>The corona virus infection (named COVID-19), first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, has contributed to significant mortality in several countries with the number of infected cases increasing exponentially worldwide, in particular in Italy and in the USA. The majority of the most severely ill patients initially presents with single organ failure (i.e. severe respiratory syndrome), but some of them progress to more systemic disease and multiple organ failure (MOF). One of the most significant poor prognostic features in these patients is the development of coagulopathy, similarly to patients who develop sepsis from various infectious agents. Coagulopathy in patients with COVID-19 may be asymptomatic but, in some cases, the septic state may evolve into Sepsis-Induced Coagulopathy (SIC) and overt Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy (DIC). In patients with severe clinical manifestations, a cytokine storm occurs that contributes to triggering a greater imbalance of the hemostatic mechanisms by promoting the development of microthrombosis at the level of the pulmonary endothelium. The effectiveness of anticoagulant therapies, performed primarily with low-molecular weight heparin, is greater the earlier the diagnosis is made. This is possible through the adoption of diagnostic protocols that include laboratory tests and clinical scores. The laboratory tests suggested for this purpose by the available Guidelines are prothrombin time, platelet count, D-dimer and fibrinogen. D-dimer appears to be the parameter with the greatest prognostic significance since it also allows a stratification of the thrombotic risk.</p>
Biochimica Clinica ; 44(4) 015-016 COVID-19 - COVID-19

La variabilità preanalitica in coagulazione
Pre-analytical issues in coagulation testing
B. Morelli \| B. Montaruli \| D. Cabodi \| A. Appiani \| F. Bertone \| V. Conterio \| M.S. Demicheli \| E. Muccini \| C. Novelli \| M. R. Portalupi \| P. Pradella \| S. Prestigio \|
<p>Poor standardization of preanalytic variables influences greatly thereliability of coagulation testing, consuming health care resources and compromising patient outcomes. Thesevariables include patient preparation, sample collection, handling, transportation, processing, and storage until timeof analysis: lack of standardized procedures for sample collection accounts for most of the errors encountered withinthe total testing process. Most pre-analytical problems may arise from system faults and insufficient audit of theoperators involved in specimen collection and handling, leading to unsuitable specimens due to misidentification,hemolysis, clotting, inappropriate volume, wrong container, contamination from the infusive route. Detection,acknowledgement and management of pre-analytical variables, is mandatory for delivering accurate laboratoryresults. The present document, issued by the Study Group on Haemostasis of the Italian Society of LaboratoryMedicine, is a summary of the recommendations for standardisation of the pre-analytical phase of the coagulationtesting, related to sample collection, transportation, and storage and provides guidance to reduce the effects of pre-analytical issues that can have a significant impact on patient care.</p>
Biochimica Clinica ; 43(3) 313-326 Documenti SIBioC - SIBioC Documents

Armonizzazione in Medicina di Laboratorio
Harmonization in Laboratory Medicine
F. Ceriotti \| M. Panteghini \| A. Tosetto \| V. Valentini \| L. Politi \| R. Rolla \| T. Guastafierro \| T. Köken \| E. Capoluongo \| C. Mazzaccara \| V. D'Argenio \| V. D'Argenio \| G. Lippi \| M. Plebani \| D. Giavarina \| M. Berardi \| A survey on sample matrix and preanalytical management in clinical laboratories \| D. Bozzato \| G. Messeri \| M. Zaninotto \| M. Vidali \| A. Padoan \| G. Parigi \| A. Clerico \| L. Sciacovelli \| M. Ciaccio \| G.L. Salvagno \| G. Barberio \| G. Barberio \| G.L. Salvagno \| M. Pepe \| M. Panteghini \| F. Braga \| G. Gessoni \| M. Montagnana \| N. Doğan \| M. Barberis \| M. Barberis \| A. Marchetti \| F. Borrillo \| L. Bonfanti \| P.M. Ness \| G. Messeri \| S. Nannini \| J. Queraltò \| M. Zaninotto \| A. Mosca \| BM. Henry \| G. Santini \| A. Coglianese \| V. D'Argenio \| E. Fiorio \| L. Crinò \| M. A. V. Willrich \| A. Modenese \| M. Berardi \| G. Nordera \| M. Girelli \| R. Tomaiuolo \| D. Giavarina \| R. Dittadi \| L. Pighi \| V. Guaraldo \| G. Bambagiotti \| E. Franceschini \| R. Danesi \| M. Locatelli \| F. Balboni \| D. Cosseddu \| M. Savoia \| S. Bernardini \| C. Domenichini \| M. Lamonaca \| M. Perrone \| M. Perrone \| per il Gruppo di Studio Intersocietario SIBioC-SIPMeL Diabete Mellito \| P. Pradella \| A. Padoan \| M.T. Sandri \| L. Belloni \| A. D'Avolio \| T. Trenti \| A. Fortunato \| T. Trenti \|

Biochimica Clinica ; 39(6) 546-547 Editoriale - Editorial